1.
Option A
2.
Life is difficult in mountainous areas. Plains provide much better conditions. It is easy to grow crops, build a house or a road in a plain than a mountain.
3.
Block Mountains are created when large areas are broken and displaced
vertically. The uplifted blocks are termed as horses and the lowered blocks are called graben. The Rhine valley and the Vosges mountain in
Europe is examples of such mountain systems.
4.
These two processes are carried out by running water, ice and wind.
5.
There are three types of mountains- Fold Mountains, Block Mountains and the Volcanic Mountains.
6.
Option A
7.
The Himalayan Mountains and the Alps are young fold mountains with rugged relief and high conical peaks. The Aravali range in India is one of the
oldest fold mountain systems in the world. The range has considerably worn down due to the processes of erosion. The Appalachians in North America and the Ural mountains in Russia have rounded features and low elevation. They are very old fold mountains.
8.
Molten rocks flowing down the sides of the Volcano is called Lava.
9.
Plateau
10.
Option A
11.
Option A
12.
The wearing away of the earth’s surface is called erosion. The surface is being lowered by the process of erosion and rebuilt by the process of deposition.
13.
Volcanic mountains are formed due to volcanic activity. Mt.Kilimanjaro in Africa and Mt.Fujiyama in Japan are examples of such mountains.
14.
Sometimes, natural calamities such as earthquakes, volcanic eruption, storms and floods cause widespread destruction. Huge loss of life and property takes place.
15.
Mauna Kea (Hawaii) in the Pacific Ocean is an undersea mountain. It is higher than Mount Everest being 10,205 metres high.
16.
Because of harsh climate, fewer people live in the mountain areas. Since the slopes are steep, less land is available for farming.
17.
A hill is a land surface that rises higher than the surrounding area. Generally, a steep hill with an elevation of more than 600 metres is termed as a mountain.
18.
Mountains may be arranged in a line known as the range. Many mountain systems consist of a series of parallel ranges extending over hundreds of kilometres. The Himalayas, the Alps and the Andes are mountain ranges of Asia, Europe and South America, respectively.
19.
The first or the internal process leads to the upliftment and sinking of the earth’s surface at several places. The second or the external process is the continuous wearing down and rebuilding of the land surface.
20.
As we go higher on a Mountain, the climate becomes colder at its top. In some mountains, there are permanently frozen rivers of ice. They are called glaciers.
