1.
Two major cities in control of the Chahamanas were Delhi and Ajmer.
2.
The Pandyan and the Pallava territories in south India Ganga valley Sri Lanka, Lakshdweep, Countries of Southeast Asia (e.g. Sumatra).
3.
Kanauj(near modern Kanpur) was rich fertile plain between the Ganges and Yamuna rivers. Kanauj was already established business hub. It had been capital city and a political center. These were the reasons rulers wanted to control Kanauj and the Ganga valley.
4.
Kalhana used a variety of sources, including inscriptions, documents, eyewitness accounts and earlier histories, to write his account.
5.
irrigation
6.
Chola temples often became the nuclei of settlements which grew around them.
7.
justice
8.
Prashastis
9.
The Cholas set up a highly efficient system of administration. The empire was divided into provinces called Mandalams. The Mandalams were further divided into Districts called Nadu. Each Nadu consists of a group of Villages called Urs. The village council and the Nadu performed several administrative functions including dispensing justice and collecting taxes. In towns, associations of traders known as nagarams also occasionally performed administrative functions in towns.
10.
Thanjavur
11.
Rich peasants of the Vellala caste exercised considerable control over the affairs of the nadu under the supervision of the central Chola government.
12.
Initially the Rashtrakutas were subordinates to the Chalukyas of Karnataka. In the mid 8th century, Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, overthrew his Chalukya overlord and performed a ritual called hiranyagarbha and became ruler.
13.
Sanskrit poem containing the history of kings was composed by an author named Kalhana.
14.
To become a member of a committee of the sabha in the Chola empire the following qualifications were necessary – The member had to be a revenue-paying landowner. He had to possess his own home. He had to be between the age of 30 -70 years. He had to have knowledge of the Vedas. He should have been honest and well versed in administrative matters.
15.
Chola
16.
These tall claims made by the rulers were not actually true. Rules wanted to show themselves as great warriors and often described themselves as equal to god.
17.
Chola temples were centres of craft production.
18.
Somnath
19.
Kings often rewarded Brahmanas by grants of land.
20.
Land grants given to Brahamans called brahamadeya. These land grants were looked after by an assembly (Sabha) of prominent Brahmana land holders which worked very efficiently. Their decisions were recorded in detail in inscriptions, often on the stone walls of temples. The sabha had separate committees to look after irrigation works, gardens, temples, etc. The members of the village assembly were elected by lottery system called Kudavolai System. The names of the eligible persons were written on palm leaves and put into a pot. A boywas asked to pick up names from the pot. The chosen persons were declared elected.
